Drug Monograph on Rifampicin - page 3
Keywords: rifampicin, drug monograph, pharmacology, efficay, therapeutic uses, pharmacodynamics, Prophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis rifampin rifadin SA infections tuberculosis essay on rifampicin pharmacokinetics absorption distribution matabolism excretion bmj referecing
By Einstein10 on 30/12/2009
Level: Foundation Degree
Page Number: 3 of 11 pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
influenza- Haemophilus influenza strains are opportunistic pathogens’. They live in their host damaging the hosts immune system are the cause for various other diseases. Occasionally, it causes cellulitis, osteomyelitis, epiglottitis, and joint infections
20mg/kg once a day for 4 days Children over 3-months-old
20 mg/kg bodyweight once a day for 4 days
Trachoma- Trachoma is an eye disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and is spread by direct contact with the eye, nose, throat and bodily secretions from infected individuals. It’s the biggest cause for blindness in the world. 1% ophthalmic ointment applied three times daily for six weeks 1% ophthalmic ointment applied three times daily for
six weeks
Tuberculosis- Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. TB attacks’ the lungs but also affects the CNS, lymphatic system, genitourinary system, circulatory system, gastrointestinal system, bones joints and the skin. Weight loss, blood sputum and fever are common symptoms
10 mg/kg bodyweight single daily dose in combination with other antimycobacterial agents 10 mg/kg bodyweight single daily dose in combination with other antimycobacterial agents
Table 2- 8-13 A Table to show the different Diseases that Rifampicin is used in as first line therapy with their dosage requirements
Efficacy of Rifampicin
In Cholestasis:
In one report the efficacy of Rifampicin in pediatric patients with cholestasis to relief pruitus was 100% 15 and in a report published 3 years later it was believed to be 52%. 16 However, the primary reason for this could have been the small number of children and the lower dose of 5mg/Kg/day used in the second trial. In a more recent report out of the 23 patients that were tested, seventeen patients showed an improvement with the use of Rifampicin and fourteen of these patients showed am improvement with two weeks of the therapy started with a dosage of 20mg/Kg/day. 16 Also the liver function of the children was tested before and after the Rifampicin administration and the tests showed a significant improvement in Liver function. The results are shown below:
Table 3- 16 Comparison of Liver Function Before and After Rifampicin
Before
Rifampicin After
Rifampicin P Value
Total Bilrubin (mg/dl) 10.56 +/- 6.55 7.39 +/- 64 0.04 *
Direct Bilrubin (mg/dl) 5.20 +/- 4.1 4.42 +/- 3.5 0.83
ALT (IU/L) 171.6 +/- 141.05 100.00 +/- 92.5 0.04*
AST (IU/L) 262.04 +/- 245.7 132.85 +/- 93.3 0.03*
ALP (IU/L) 772.7 +/- 350.7 695.44 +/-416.2 0.69
GGT (IU/L) 204.10 +/- 230.12 156.01 +/- 197.2 0.75
.
Rifampicin induces hepatic enzymes, drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters through the activation of the pregnane X receptor. As shown in the table above there was significant improvements in Bilrubin levels in P 0.04, ALT p
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