The effect concentration of hydrochloric acid has on the rate of reaction -- A* - page 2
Keywords: Rate of reaction hydrochloric acid sodium thiosulphate concentration
By georgie1 on 31/12/2009
Level: GCSE Key Stage 4 (Years 10-11)
Page Number: 2 of 8 pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
a result, I will be keeping all experiments at room temperature [approximately 26˚c].
• Catalysts. As previously mentioned, by using a catalyst I can draw no quantitative conclusions because additional substances will not be on a consistent measure [for example length can be numerically measured]. As a result, I will not be using any catalysts for my final investigation.
• Concentration of other reactant [sodium thiosulphate]. To keep the test fair, I must only vary one of the reactants. In a separate experiment, I could vary the concentration of the sodium thiosulphate. However, the hydrochloric acid would then need to remain constant to provide a comparison.
• Technique of mixing. If the two reactants are mixed differently [for example, one mixed vigorously with a glass rod and the other gently swirled in a beaker], the rate of reaction may become faster/slower, because more collisions will be made.
• Same sized conical flask. This is so that the particles are no more/less spread out or compact.
• Same volume of solutions. This is so that the test remains fair and none of the experiments become more/less concentrated than they should be.
The output [dependent] variable for this experiment is the rate of reaction because this is the factor that I am measuring.
To ensure that my investigation is thoroughly reliable, I am going to collect 3 sets of results so that I can clearly identify any obvious anomalies, and can calculate averages to find a strong set of accurate results. After gathering these, I can the compile a fourth set of strong, average results that I can then input into a graph and draw reliable conclusions from. I am going to be using a burette and measuring cylinder when measuring out the amounts of liquids, which measure in 1cm³. This ensures that I will be using the exact amount of substances for maximum accuracy.
The apparatus that I will be using for this experiment are:
- 6 x 50cm³ sodium thiosulphate. I will need the same amount for each experiment so that it is a fair test.
- 6 x 5cm³ hydrochloric acid [different concentrations]. I will need to dilute some of the acids so that I complete the experiment effectively.
- Burette. This measure from 0-100cm³ so I can accurately measure out the exact amounts of sodium thiosulphate.
- Measuring cylinder/pipette. This accurately measures the amounts of water and hydrochloric acid that are used, so the concentration of the solution is reliable.
- Conical flask. This is so that I can mix
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